Headland and Bay Formation

The above photo shows a headland with a bay behind it. Headlands and bays are formed when you get a column of hard rock alongside a column of soft rock. Obviously the softer rock erodes a lot faster than the hard rock. Where the column of soft rock is you get a bay (often with a beach) and where the column of hard rock is you get a headland. This link explains the idea in a lot more detail- http://www.georesources.co.uk/leld.htm